<!--#set var="title" value="Genbank References: capsid (p24)" --> <!--#if expr="$title" --> <!--#echo var="title" --> <!--#else --> HIV Drug Resistance Database <!--#endif -->
Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database - A curated public database designed to represent, store, and analyze the divergent forms of data underlying HIV drug resistance.

Genbank References: capsid (p24)

BLAST search against GenBank file v. V 269.0 released on 2025-12-15
(search results include 166420 sequences from 1493 references)

This page contains a list of all GenBank entries on HIV-1 capsid (p24) grouped by reference. The reference may include a published paper or the title provided with the GenBank submission. The entries were created by performing a BLAST search of the GenBank using the capsid NCBI Reference Sequence NP_579880. The E-value and # in GB columns contain the lowest e-value (best match) for all the GenBank entries associated with a specific reference and the number of entries in GenBank associated with the reference. For studies that ..... , number of patients, ART status, ....

AuthorsTitleCitationE-value# in
Gb
#PtsARTSourceCloningStudyType
Abad (2022) Prevalent subtypes and one-year outcomes of an HIV-cohort from an urban Philippine center Medicine (Baltimore) 100 (51), e28315 (2021) 2.27e-153 66          
Abecasis (2007) Recombination confounds the early evolutionary history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: subtype G is a circulating recombinant form J. Virol. 81 (16), 8543-8551 (2007) 1.49e-135 1          
Abott (2018) The complete genomic sequence of the HIV-1 AAV isolate Unpublished 8.61e-156 3         Unpublished
Abrahams (2019) The Replication-Competent HIV-1 Latent Reservoir is Primarily Established Near the Time of Therapy Initiation Sci Transl Med . 2019 Oct 9;11(513):eaaw5589 5.77e-149 129 9 Mixed Plasma; PBMC SGS Reservoir
Acharya (2019) Near-full length genetic characterization of a novel HIV-1 unique recombinant with similarities to A1, CRF01_AE and CRFO2_AG viruses in Yaounde, Cameroon AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses (2019) In press 2.92e-144 1          
Adeniyi (2021) Genetic Characterization of HIV-1 Subtype A1/C/D/B/K Unique Recombinant Form from Eastern Cape, South Africa AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 37 (2), 162-168 (2021) 1.05e-146 1          
Adland (2020) Sex-specific innate immune selection of HIV-1 in utero is associated with increased female susceptibility to infection Unpublished 1.34e-162 4         Unpublished
Adojaan (2016) Predominance of a Rare Type of HIV-1 in Estonia J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 39 (5), 598-605 (2 1.81e-143 4          
Aghokeng (2016) Full-length sequence analysis of SIVmus in wild populations of mustached monkeys (Cercopithecus cephus) from Cameroon provides evidence for two co-circulating SIVmus lineages Virology 360 (2), 407-418 (2007) 2.12e-94 3          
Aghokeng (2016) Extensive survey on the prevalence and genetic diversity of SIVs in primate bushmeat provides insights into risks for potential new cross-species transmissions Infect. Genet. Evol. 10 (3), 386-396 (2010) 1.06e-93 1          
Ahuka-Mundeke (2016) Full-length genome sequence of a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infecting a captive agile mangabey (Cercocebus agilis) is closely related to SIVrcm infecting wild red-capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus) in Cameroon J. Gen. Virol. 91 (12), 2959-2964 (2010) 1.51e-102 2          
Ahuka-Mundeke (2017) Full Genome Characterization of a New Simian Immune Deficiency Virus Lineage in a Naturally Infected Cercopithecus ascanius whitesidei in the Democratic Republic of Congo Reveals High Genetic Diversity Among Red-Tailed Monkeys in Central and Eastern Africa AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses (2017) In press 3.03e-93 1          
Al-Kaabi (2024) Epistatic interaction between ERAP2 and HLA modulates viral adaptation and HIV-1 disease outcome Unpublished 1.31e-169 3          
Alampalli (2018) Deep sequencing of near full-length HIV-1 genomes from plasma identifies circulating subtype C and infrequent occurrence of AC recombinant form in Southern India PLoS ONE 12 (12), e0188603 (2017) 5.51e-167 18          
Alencar (2013) Comparison between the region of subtypes of env and gag in patients with multidrug resistant antiretroviral therapy Unpublished 3.17e-157 72         Unpublished
Ali Rai (2024) Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant HIV using a Novel Anti-Domain 1 CD4 Antibody and an Injectable Long-Acting Antiretroviral Drug Unpublished 1.06e-165 144          
Alizon (2002) Genetic variability of the AIDS virus: nucleotide sequence analysis of two isolates from African patients Cell 46 (1), 63-74 (1986) 1.96e-150 2          
Allen (2016) Increased Detection of HIV-Specific T Cell Responses By Combination of Centralized Sequences with Comparable in vitro Immunogenicity Unpublished 7.25e-170 16         Unpublished
Allen (2016) Selective escape from CD8+ T-cell responses represents a major driving force of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) sequence diversity and reveals constraints on HIV-1 evolution J. Virol. 79 (21), 13239-13249 (2005) 4.75e-155 14          
Allen (2016) Epidemiologically-Linked Transmission of HIV-1 Illustrates the Impact of Host Genetics on Virological Outcome Unpublished 5.03e-165 4         Unpublished
Almond (1996) Population sequence analysis of a simian immunodeficiency virus (32H reisolate of SIVmac251): a virus stock used for international vaccine studies AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 8 (1), 77-88 (1992) 7.71e-108 8          
Altfeld (2016) HIV-1 superinfection despite broad CD8+ T-cell responses containing replication of the primary virus Nature 420 (6914), 434-439 (2002) 4.08e-150 2          
Alves (2018) Characterization of HIV-1 Near Full-Length Proviral Genome Quasispecies from Patients with Undetectable Viral Load Undergoing First-Line HAART Therapy Viruses 9 (12), E392 (2017) 1.18e-161 23          
Alves (2019) Estimating HIV-1 Genetic Diversity in Brazil Through Next-Generation Sequencing Front Microbiol 10, 1-11 (2019) 2.03e-164 25 25 Uncertain PBMC NGS Molecular epidemiology
Alves (2022) Adaptation to HLA-associated immune pressure in acute HIV infection and in circulating HIV-1 strains Unpublished 6.42e-168 19          
Aman (2016) Optimization of full-length sequencing of HIV type 1 from Senegal Unpublished 9.53e-145 2         Unpublished
Amogne (2016) Phylogenetic Analysis of Ethiopian HIV-1 Subtype C Near Full-Length Genomes Reveals High Intrasubtype Diversity and a Strong Geographical Cluster AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses (2016) In press 4.8e-149 24          
An (2013) Reconstituting the epidemic history of CRF01_AE among MSM in Liaoning, northeastern China: Implication in expanding MSM epidemic in China J. Virol. (2012) In press 4.37e-152 39 43 Naive Plasma SGS Molecular epidemiology
An (2016) A Novel HIV-1 Second-Generation Recombinant Form (CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC) among heterosexuals in Nei Monggoi Autonomous Region in China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses (2016) In press 1.59e-145 1          
Ana (2024) Identification of a new HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF148_cpx) derived from subtypes B, C, and F1 Unpublished 5.39e-150 3          
Anderson (2016) Testing the hypothesis of a recombinant origin of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype E J. Virol. 74 (22), 10752-10765 (2000) 3.64e-146 4          
Anderson (2016) Analysis of envelope changes acquired by SIVmac239 during neuroadaption in rhesus macaques Virology 195 (2), 616-626 (1993) 7.97e-100 1          
Andresen (2016) Characterization of near full-length genomes of HIV type 1 strains in Denmark: basis for a universal therapeutic vaccine AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 23 (11), 1442-1448 (20 2.54e-154 17          
Antar (2020) Longitudinal study reveals HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cell dynamics during long-term antiretroviral therapy J. Clin. Invest. (2020) In press 1.11e-170 455 8 ART PBMC SGS Reservoir
Appah (2023) Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in Ghana: Subtype Distribution, Drug Resistance and Coreceptor Usage Viruses 15 (1), 128 (2022) 1.37e-149 76          
Araujo (2016) Lower Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Brazilian Subtype B Found in Northeastern Brazil with Slower Progression to AIDS AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 26 (11), 1249-1254 (20 3.38e-174 42 42 Uncertain PBMC Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Arcia (2018) HIV-1 Adaptation to Predominant HLA-I Alleles in Medellin, Colombia, Through the Selection of Novel Potential Immune Escape Mutations Infect Genet Evol. 2019 Apr;69:267-278 4.14e-173 45 50 Naive Plasma Direct PCR HLA
Arenas (2016) Influence of mutation and recombination on HIV-1 in vitro fitness recovery Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 94 (PT A), 264-270 (2016) 1.96e-152 12          
Arroyo (2016) HIV type 1 subtypes among blood donors in the Mbeya region of southwest Tanzania AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 20 (8), 895-901 (2004) 2.51e-152 20          
Arroyo (2016) HIV-1 diversity and prevalence differ between urban and rural areas in the Mbeya region of Tanzania AIDS 19 (14), 1517-1524 (2005) 7.85e-148 14          
Aulicino (2006) Sequence analysis of a South American HIV type 1 BC recombinant AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 21 (10), 894-896 (2005 1.7e-145 1          
Aulicino (2016) Circulation of novel HIV type 1 A, B/C, and F subtypes in Argentina AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 21 (2), 158-164 (2005) 2.1e-141 1          
Auwanit (2006) Full-length sequences of two CRF01_ae (subtype e) HIV type 1 isolates from 1995 samples of patients with sexually transmitted diseases in Thailand AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 17 (9), 867-871 (2001) 4.77e-145 2          
Avi (2015) Near Full-Length Genome Sequences of HIV-1 CRF06/A1 recombinat forms in Estonian Intravenous Drug Users Population Unpublished 7.5e-150 7         Unpublished
Ayouba (2013) Evidence for continuing cross-species transmission of SIVsmm to humans: characterization of a new HIV-2 lineage in rural Cote d'Ivoire AIDS 27 (15), 2488-2491 (2013) 1.83e-101 1          
Ayouba (2015) Molecular characterization of a new mosaic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus in a naturally infected tantalus monkey (Chlorocebus tantalus) from Cameroon: a challenge to the virus-host co-evolution of SIVagm in African green monkeys Infect. Genet. Evol. 30, 65-73 (2015) 6.56e-105 1          
Azevedo-Pereira (2016) Complete nucleotide sequence of HIV-2ALI, a low infectious isolate with restricted tropism to primary CD4+ cells Unpublished 6.28e-103 1         Unpublished
Baalwa (2013) Molecular identification, cloning and characterization of transmitted/founder HIV-1 subtype A, D and A/D infectious molecular clones Virology 436 (1), 33-48 (2013) 7.14e-155 216 12 Naive Plasma; PBMC SGS Acute infection
Bacchus-Souffan (2020) CD4 T cell proliferation and differentiation contribute to HIV persistence during antiretroviral therapy PLoS Pathog. 2021 Jan 19;17(1):e1009214 6.37e-166 219 24 ART PBMC SGS Reservoir
Bach Nhu (2016) Cloning and expression of the gene coding for P24 protein from HIV infected patient Unpublished 8.47e-148 1         Unpublished
Bacque (2019) Identification of a new HIV-1 BF circulating recombinant form in Spain and Paraguay Unpublished 5.39e-147 1         Unpublished
Bacque (2019) Identification of a new HIV-1 BF intersubtype recombinant form (CRF75_BF) circulating in Spain, Italy and Brazil Unpublished 4.32e-149 1         Unpublished
Bacque (2021) Identification of CRF66_BF, a new HIV-1 circulating recombinant form of South American origin Front Microbiol (2021) In press 5.83e-148 5          
Bacque (2023) Identification of a HIV-1 circulating BF1 recombinant form (CRF75_BF1) of Brazilian origin that also circulates in Southwestern Europe Front Microbiol 14 (2023) In press 6.41e-148 2          
Badreddine (2016) Identification and characterization of HIV type 1 subtypes present in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: high level of genetic diversity found AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 23 (5), 667-674 (2007) 9.84e-173 58 58 Mixed Plasma; PBMC Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Baier (2016) Complete nucleotide sequence of a simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkeys: a novel type of intragroup divergence Virology 176 (1), 216-221 (1990) 1.45e-99 1          
Bailes (2020) Hybrid origin of SIV in chimpanzees Science 300 (5626), 1713 (2003) 1.26e-100 1          
Bailey (2016) Arteriviruses, pegiviruses, and lentiviruses are common among wild African monkeys J. Virol. (2016) In press 8.19e-105 33         Unpublished
Bailey (2006) Maintenance of viral suppression in HIV-1-infected HLA-B*57+ elite suppressors despite CTL escape mutations J. Exp. Med. 203 (5), 1357-1369 (2006) 8.86e-172 198 7 Naive Plasma; PBMC SGS HLA
Bailey (2007) Evolution of HIV-1 in an HLA-B*57-positive patient during virologic escape J. Infect. Dis. 196 (1), 50-55 (2007) 3.56e-171 48 1 Naive PBMC SGS HLA
Bailey (2008) Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from a patient who developed AIDS to an elite suppressor J. Virol. 82 (15), 7395-7410 (2008) 3.11e-165 7          
Baker (2016) HIV Subtypes Distribution and Implication for Antiretroviral Treatment in a Ugandan Population J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care 6, 260-263 (2007) 2.21e-166 50 50 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Baldrich-Rubio (2016) A complex human immunodeficiency virus type 1 A/G/J recombinant virus isolated from a seronegative patient with AIDS from Benin, West Africa J. Gen. Virol. 82 (PT 5), 1095-1106 (2001) 4.87e-139 1          
Balinda (2021) Characterization of Unique Recombinant Viruses Identified Within Subtype D HIV-1 Transmitted Founder Viruses in a Ugandan Acute Infection Cohort Viruses. 2022 Feb 7;14(2):334 7.4e-152 30 29 Naive Plasma SGS Molecular epidemiology
Balinda (2025) Evolutionary Dynamics of HIV-1 Recombinants: Analysis of Contemporary and Historical Viral Populations in East Africa Unpublished 3.45e-148 16          
Balinda (2025) Direct Submission Submitted (02-SEP-2025) Viral Pathogen, MRC/UVRI & 6.28e-147 4          
Banin (2019) Development of a Versatile, Near Full Genome Amplification and Sequencing Approach for a Broad Variety of HIV-1 Group M Variants Viruses 11 (4), E317 (2019) 1.33e-153 21          
Barbian (2015) Neutralization properties of simian immunodeficiency viruses infecting chimpanzees and gorillas MBio 6 (2), e00296-15 (2015) 1.9e-141 1          
Barnett (1993) Distinguishing features of an infectious molecular clone of the highly divergent and noncytopathic human immunodeficiency virus type 2 UC1 strain J. Virol. 67 (2), 1006-1014 (1993) 2.95e-104 1          
Barnett (1997) Direct Submission Submitted (11-OCT-1995) Barton Bryant, HIV Databas 4.34e-101 1         Unpublished
Bartolo (2011) Origin and Epidemiological History of HIV-1 CRF14_BG PLoS ONE 6 (9), E24130 (2011) 6.1e-145 3          
Bartolo (2016) Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of near full-length HIV-1 subtypes H and J from Cabinda, Angola Unpublished 1.2e-147 3         Unpublished
Baryshev (2012) Genetic analysis of nearly full-length genome sequences of HIV-1, circulating in Russia Unpublished 4.09e-154 3         Unpublished
Baryshev (2012) Near full-length genome characterization of a newly derived unique recombinant form AG HIV-1 circulating in Siberia Retrovirology 9 (S1), 28 (2012) 6.42e-144 1          
Baryshev (2014) HIV-1 Genetic Diversity in Russia: CRF63_02A1, a New HIV Type 1 Genetic Variant Spreading in Siberia AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 30 (6), 592-597 (2014) 2.26e-145 13          
Bbosa (2024) Near full-length genome analysis of the first-reported HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF)_10CD in Uganda AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses (2024) In press 3.76e-149 14          
Beamud (2019) Characterization of New Recombinant Forms of HIV-1 From the Comunitat Valenciana (Spain) by Phylogenetic Incongruence Front Microbiol 10, 1006 (2019) 1.33e-145 7          
Becker (2006) Molecular and phylogenetic characterisation of a Guinea-Bissau-derived human immunodeficiency virus type 2 isolate Unpublished 6.96e-104 1         Unpublished
Beer (2016) Characterization of novel simian immunodeficiency viruses from red-capped mangabeys from Nigeria (SIVrcmNG409 and -NG411) J. Virol. 75 (24), 12014-12027 (2001) 2.05e-102 2          
Beer (2016) Patterns of genomic sequence diversity among their simian immunodeficiency viruses suggest that L'Hoest monkeys (Cercopithecus lhoesti) are a natural lentivirus reservoir J. Virol. 74 (8), 3892-3898 (2000) 2.51e-88 3          
Beer (2016) Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) from sun-tailed monkeys (Cercopithecus solatus): evidence for host-dependent evolution of SIV within the C. lhoesti superspecies J. Virol. 73 (9), 7734-7744 (1999) 1.06e-85 1          
Bender (2020) The Landscape of Persistent Viral Genomes in ART-Treated SIV, SHIV, and HIV-2 Infections Cell Host Microbe 26 (1), 73-85 (2019) 1.46e-109 252         NonM, HIV2, SIV
Benveniste (2016)   Unpublished 2.01e-100 1         Unpublished
Berg (2016) A PAN-HIV STRATEGY FOR COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCING J. Clin. Microbiol. (2015) In press 6.34e-153 56 56 Uncertain Cultured Plasma; PBMC Uncertain Molecular epidemiology
Bernardin (2016) Primary infection of a male plasma donor with divergent HIV variants from the same source followed by rapid fluctuations in their relative frequency and viral recombination AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 19 (11), 1009-1015 (20 3.77e-153 3          
Bernardin (2016) Human immunodeficiency virus mutations during the first month of infection are preferentially found in known cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes J. Virol. 79 (17), 11523-11528 (2005) 2.05e-154 18          
Bernardin (2016) Direct Submission Submitted (12-DEC-2005) Molecular Virology, Blood 2.85e-154 13         Unpublished
Bessong (2016) A putative HIV-1 subtype C/CRF11_cpx unique recombinant from South Africa Springerplus 5, 285 (2016) 2.32e-141 1          
Bhattacharya (2007) Founder effects in the assessment of HIV polymorphisms and HLA allele associations Science 315 (5818), 1583-1586 (2007) 2.73e-169 103 103 Naive Uncertain Uncertain HLA
Bhusal (2014) Genetic characterization of HIV-1 strains among different risk groups of Nepalase patients from central region of Nepal Unpublished 8.16e-162 35         Unpublished
Bhusal (2016) Molecular epidemiology of HIV in central region of Nepal Unpublished 2.71e-148 10         Unpublished
Bibollet-Ruche (2012) Efficient SIVcpz replication in human lymphoid tissue requires viral matrix protein adaptation J. Clin. Invest. 122 (5), 1644-1652 (2012) 1.61e-142 3          
Bibollet-Ruche (2016) New simian immunodeficiency virus infecting De Brazza's monkeys (Cercopithecus neglectus): evidence for a cercopithecus monkey virus clade J. Virol. 78 (14), 7748-7762 (2004) 3.28e-91 4          
Bibollet-Ruche (2016) Complete genome analysis of one of the earliest SIVcpzPtt strains from Gabon (SIVcpzGAB2) AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 20 (12), 1377-1381 (20 2.17e-140 1          
Bibollet-Ruche (2022) A chimpanzee SIV envelope glycoprotein with germline-targeting properties elicits V2-directed antibodies that cross-neutralize HIV-1 Unpublished 2.3e-121 1          
Bikandou (2016) Genetic subtyping of gag and env regions of HIV type 1 isolates in Republic of Congo AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 20 (9), 1005-1009 (200 9.88e-155 48 48 Naive PBMC Molecular clones Molecular epidemiology
Billings (2015) The Number and Complexity of Pure and Recombinant HIV-1 Strains Observed within Incident Infections during the HIV and Malaria Cohort Study Conducted in Kericho, Kenya, from 2003 to 2006 PLoS ONE 10 (8), E0135124 (2015) 1.14e-152 58 58 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Billings (2017) HIV-1 Genetic Diversity Among Incident Infections in Mbeya, Tanzania AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses (2016) In press 6.05e-152 95 95 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Billings (2019) HIV-1 genetic diversity and demographic characteristics in Bulgaria PLoS ONE 14 (5), e0217063 (2019) 5.51e-154 15          
Billings (2019) New Subtype B Containing HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant of sub-Saharan Africa Origin in Nigerian Men who have Sex with Men J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. (2019) In press 6.07e-151 8          
Birditt (2016) HIV HLA epitope mapping from Durban, South Africa Unpublished 1.58e-148 16         Unpublished
Blanco (2015) Near full length HIV-1 subtype B from Cuban individuals Unpublished 1.32e-152 4         Unpublished
Blankson (2007) Isolation and characterization of replication-competent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from a subset of elite suppressors J. Virol. 81 (5), 2508-2518 (2007) 1.03e-154 6          
Blankson (2016) HIV-1 Evolution Following Transmission to an HLA-B*5801 Positive Subject Unpublished 1.24e-167 3         Unpublished
Bodelle (2016) Identification and genomic sequence of an HIV type 1 group N isolate from Cameroon AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 20 (8), 902-908 (2004) 4e-132 1          
Bolivar (2016) The Challenge of HIV-1 Genetic Diversity: Discordant CD4+ T-Cell Count and Viral Load in an Untreated Patient Infected With a Subtype F Strain J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 52 (5), 659-661 (2 1.06e-142 1          
Bond (2015) Natural history of epidemic and non-epidemic HIV-2 groups Unpublished 2.07e-99 1         Unpublished
Boritz (2016) CD4+ T cell targeting of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) peptide sequences present in vivo during chronic, progressive HIV-1 disease Virology 361 (1), 34-44 (2007) 3.46e-173 63 9 Naive Plasma Molecular clones HLA
Boswell (2022) Direct Submission Submitted (14-DEC-2021) Department of Internal Med 8.29e-115 368          
Boswell (2022) Direct Submission Submitted (03-JAN-2022) Department of Internal Med 3.83e-113 1          
Bourara (2016) Target cell APOBEC3C can induce limited G-to-A mutation in HIV-1 PLoS Pathog. 3 (10), 1477-1485 (2007) 5.2e-166 2          
Brander (2016) Increased detection of HIV-specific T cell responses by combination of centralized sequences with comparable in vitro immunogenicity Unpublished 2.45e-170 18         Unpublished
Brander (2016) Efficient processing of the immunodominant, HLA-A*0201-restricted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitope despite multiple variations in the epitope flanking sequences J. Virol. 73 (12), 10191-10198 (1999) 2.47e-167 1          
Brandt (2021) Tracking HIV-1 Infected Cell Clones Using Integration Site-Specific qPCR Unpublished 2.06e-160 2         Unpublished
Brave (2016) HIV-1 92UG031 p17p24gag Unpublished 1.5e-154 1         Unpublished
Bredell (2016) HIV type 1 subtype C gag and nef diversity in Southern Africa AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 23 (3), 477-481 (2007) 6.48e-164 64 64 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Brener (2015) Disease progression despite protective HLA expression in an HIV-infected transmission pair Retrovirology 12, 55 (2015) 1.92e-156 6          
Brener (2017) Rapid HIV disease progression via cd8+ t-cell escape mimicking superinfection in an hla-b*27:05/b*57:01-positive transmission recipient Retrovirology. 2018 Jan 16;15(1):7 5.7e-171 112 2 Naive PBMC Molecular clones HLA
Brennan (2007) HIV-1 strains identified in blood donors in Brazil: Significant prevalence of B/F1 recombinants AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2007 Nov;23(11):1434-41 3.84e-174 85 91 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Brennan (2016) HIV-1 strain diversity was stable in Cameroonian blood donors from 1996 to 2004 J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2008 Dec 1;49(4):432-9 3.62e-170 423 423 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Brennan (2016) Genetic variation in human immunodeficiency virus type 2: identification of a unique variant from human plasma AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 13 (5), 401-404 (1997) 3.42e-99 1          
Brennan (2016) Identification of HIV-1 Non-B Subtypes and Antiretroviral Drug Resistant Strains in United States Blood Donors Unpublished 5.09e-145 3         Unpublished
Brockman (2010) Early Selection in Gag by Protective HLA Alleles Contributes to Reduced HIV-1 Replication Capacity That May Be Largely Compensated for in Chronic Infection J. Virol. 84 (22), 11937-11949 (2010) 6.09e-170 66 66 Naive Plasma Direct PCR HLA
Brooks (2020) HIV-1 variants are archived throughout infection and persist in the reservoir PLoS Pathog. 16 (6), e1008378 (2020) 1.11e-148 186 13 Mixed PBMC SGS Reservoir
Brown (2016) Biologic and genetic characterization of a panel of 60 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates, representing clades A, B, C, D, CRF01_AE, and CRF02_AG, for the development and assessment of candidate vaccines J. Virol. 79 (10), 6089-6101 (2005) 1.99e-153 21          
Brumme (2010) Human leukocyte antigen-specific polymorphisms in HIV-1 Gag and their association with viral load in chronic untreated infection AIDS 22 (11), 1277-1286 (2008) 2.09e-170 567 567 Naive Plasma Direct PCR HLA
Brumme (2016) HLA-associated immune escape pathways in HIV-1 subtype B Gag, Pol and Nef proteins PLoS ONE 4 (8), E6687 (2009) 3.61e-170 507 507 Naive Plasma Direct PCR HLA
Bruner (2016) Defective proviruses rapidly accumulate during acute HIV-1 infection Nat. Med. 22 (9), 1043-1049 (2016) 4.52e-171 191 21 ART PBMC SGS Reservoir
Bruselles (2016) Use of massive parallel pyrosequencing for near full-length characterization of a unique HIV Type 1 BF recombinant associated with a fatal primary infection AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 25 (9), 937-942 (2009) 4.26e-146 1          
Buckheit (2012) Host factors dictate control of viral replication in two HIV-1 controller/chronic progressor transmission pairs Nat Commun 3, 716 (2012) 2.1e-153 4          
Buckheit (2013) Infection with defective virus results in different clinical outcomes of infection in three HIV-1 infected individuals Unpublished 2.57e-149 2         Unpublished
Buckheit (2014) Long-Term Control of Viral Replication in a Group O, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Individual AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 30 (6), 511-513 (2014) 4.38e-120 1          
Buggert (2012) Characterization of HIV-Specific CD4+ T Cell Responses against Peptides Selected with Broad Population and Pathogen Coverage PLoS ONE 7 (7), E39874 (2012) 1.95e-172 36 36 Mixed Plasma; PBMC Direct PCR HLA
Bui (2016) Proviruses with Identical Sequences Comprise a Large Fraction of the Replication-Competent HIV Reservoir PLoS Pathog. 2017 Mar 22;13(3):e1006283 1.01e-158 399 8 ART QVOA SGS Reservoir
Bull (2021) Direct Submission Submitted (17-DEC-2019) Center for Global Infectio 1.28e-150 3         Unpublished
Buonaguro (2006) Screening of HIV-1 isolates by reverse heteroduplex mobility assay and identification of non-B subtypes in Italy J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 37 (2), 1295-1306 1.39e-146 3          
Buranapraditkun (2011) Viral Escape from a Novel Immunodominant HLA-Cw*0102-Restricted Gag Epitope in HIV-1 Clade A/E Infection PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e23603. 7.87e-161 100 100 Naive Plasma Direct PCR HLA
Caetano (2018) Next generation sequencing analyses of the emergence and maintenance of mutations in ctl epitopes in HIV controllers with differential control of viremia Unpublished 1.28e-169 21         Unpublished
Caetano (2019) A case report of HIV-1 superinfection in an HIV controller leading to loss of viremia control: a retrospective of 10 years of follow-up BMC Infect. Dis. 19 (1), 588 (2019) 4.25e-151 1          
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Li (2025) Identification of Two Novel HIV-1 Unique Recombinant Forms Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Northern China AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses (2025) In press 5.63e-144 2          
Li (2025) Identification of a new ly emerging second-generation HIV-1 circulating recombinant form among men who have sex with men in China Unpublished 5.32e-143 4          
Li (2022) Identification and Characterization of two novel HIV-1 Unique Recombinant Form comprising CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC Identified among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China Unpublished 8.12e-147 2          
Li (2021) A newly emerging HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF110_BC) comprising subtype B and C among intravenous drug users in Yunnan, China J Infect (2021) In press 2.66e-145 1          
Li (2016) Identification and characterization of two human immunodeficiency virus type 1 unique recombinant forms from Yunnan, China Virol Sin 31 (2), 184-187 (2016) 9.84e-152 2          
Li (2016) Direct Submission Submitted (04-NOV-2015) Department of HIV/AIDS cli 2.01e-150 1         Unpublished
Li (2017) Direct Submission Submitted (24-DEC-2015) Department of HIV/AIDS Cli 3.39e-146 1         Unpublished
Li (2022) Epidemiology of HIV-1 CRF103_01B in Beijing and Its Genetic Recombinant Characteristics Unpublished 1.89e-148 6          
Li (2025) Direct Submission Submitted (01-MAR-2025) Institute of Infectious Di 1.29e-147 187          
Li (2011) Factors associated with viral rebound in HIV-1-infected individuals enrolled in a therapeutic HIV-1 gag vaccine trial J. Infect. Dis. 203 (7), 976-983 (2011) 2.09e-170 204 110 ART Plasma Direct PCR; Molecular clones Reservoir
Li (2012) Characteristics and Outcomes of Initial Virologic Suppressors during Analytic Treatment Interruption in a Therapeutic HIV-1 gag Vaccine Trial PLoS ONE 7 (3), E34134 (2012) 7.44e-169 63 11 ART Plasma Direct PCR Reservoir
Li (2012) Recombination Form and Epidemiology of HIV-1 Unique Recombinant Strains Identified in Yunnan, China PLoS ONE 7 (10), E46777 (2012) 4.95e-165 60 60 Uncertain Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Li (2013) Subtype CRF01_AE dominate the sexually transmitted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 epidemic in Guangxi, China J. Med. Virol. 85 (3), 388-395 (2013) 1.2e-166 233 294 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Li (2016) Near Full-Length Sequence Analysis of a Novel HIV-1 C/CRF01_AE Recombinant Variant from Yunnan, China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses (2010) In press 2.07e-146 1          
Li (2016) Analysis of the near full-length genomic characterization of HIV-1 subtype G detected in Guangxi for the first time Unpublished 1.75e-140 1         Unpublished
Li (2016) Near full-length genomic characterization of a novel HIV type 1 subtype B/C recombinant strain from Yunnan, China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 26 (6), 711-716 (2010) 2.32e-148 1          
Li (2013) Genetic Characterization and Transmitted Drug Resistance of the HIV Type 1 Epidemic in Men Who Have Sex with Men in Beijing, China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 29 (3), 633-637 (2013) 1.77e-168 99 95 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Li (2010) Genetic characterization of 13 subtype CRF01_AE near full-length genomes in Guangxi, China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 26 (6), 699-704 (2010) 3.8e-146 13          
Li (2011) High genetic diversity of HIV-1 was found in men who have sex with men in Shijiazhuang, China Infect. Genet. Evol. 11 (6), 1487-1492 (2011) 2.18e-167 15          
Li (2012) Multiple Introductions of HIV into Men Who Have Sex with Men Were Found in Zhengzhou City, China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 28 (9), 947-951 (2012) 4.2e-167 29 20 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Li (2014) Relatively high prevalence of drug resistance among antiretroviral-naive patients from henan, central china AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 30 (2), 160-164 (2014) 4.26e-169 129 129 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Li (2015) HIV-1 Thai B strains has spread out of former plasma donors into general population through sexual contact in Henan, China J Med Virol. 2016 Apr;88(4):614-21. 3.02e-168 177 177 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Li (2015) CRF07_BC strain dominates the HIV-1 epidemic in injection drug users in Liangshan prefecture of Sichuan, China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses (2015) In press 8.71e-162 392 392 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Li (2019) Single young MSMs were revealed as high risk population by two cross-sectional studies in 2013 and 2015 in Shenzhen, China Virol J. 2019 Jun 22;16(1):83 2.21e-167 345 345 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Li (2024) Near Full-Length Genome Characterization of two Novel Unique Recombinants (CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC) in Beijing, China Unpublished 4.88e-145 2          
Li (2024) Genetic characterisation of a recombinant strain of HIV (CRF121_0107) Unpublished 2.76e-145 4          
Li (2025) Genetic characterisation of a recombinant strain of HIV (CRF121_0107) Unpublished 1.1e-143 3          
Li (2024) Identification of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF135_0107) in Heilongjiang Province, China Unpublished 7.53e-144 1          
Li (2024) Identification of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF136_0107) in Heilongjiang Province, China Unpublished 3.57e-144 3          
Li (2024) Identification of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF135_0107) in Heilongjiang Province, China Unpublished 5.26e-145 5          
Li (2019) Direct Submission Submitted (02-DEC-2018) Department of AIDS Researc 4.94e-146 5         Unpublished
Li (2016) Near Full-Length Genome Sequences of Two Novel HIV-1 Recombinant Forms Detected In Henan Province, China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses (2016) In press 7.85e-143 2          
Li (2024) Characterization of two HIV-1 strains with novel unique recombinant genome in Hebei, China AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses (2024) In press 3.83e-145 2          
Li (2014) Near Full-length Genome Analyses of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form, CRF63_01B, Identified among MSM in China Unpublished 5.94e-145 2         Unpublished
Li (2017) A unique second-generation recombinant form of HIV-1 was identified among MSM, in Beijing, China Unpublished 3.74e-146 1         Unpublished
Li (2025) Tracing the epidemic history of HIV-1 CRF01_AE lineages by near full-length genome analyses Unpublished 8.65e-145 4          
Li (2016) Dual infections with multiple lineages of HIV-1 strains in unique geographical recombination 'hotspots' in Asia Unpublished 3.27e-153 41         Unpublished
Li (2014) Near Full-Length Genome Sequence of a Novel HIV-1 Recombinant Form (CRF01_AE/B) Detected Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Jilin Province, China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 30 (7), 701-705 (2014) 5.15e-149 1          
Li (2013) Genome Sequences of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF61_BC) Identified among Heterosexuals in China Genome Announc 1 (3), e00326-13 (2013) 1.93e-143 3          
Li (2013) Near Full-Length Genome Sequence of a Novel HIV Type 1 Second-Generation Recombinant Form (CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC) Identified Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Jilin, China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 29 (12), 1604-1608 (20 7.42e-145 1          
Li (2014) Near Full-Length Genome Identification of a Novel HIV-1 Recombinant Form (CRF01_AE/B'/C) Among Heterosexuals in Jilin, China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 30 (7), 695-700 (2014) 8.68e-147 1          
Li (2014) Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in Jilin Province, Northeastern China: Emergence of a New CRF07_BC Transmission Cluster and Intersubtype Recombinants PLoS ONE 9 (10), E110738 (2014) 3.75e-151 122 110 Naive PBMC Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Li (2016) Molecular epidemiology of the heterosexual HIV-1 transmission in Kunming, Yunnan Province of China suggests origin from the local IDU epidemic AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 21 (11), 977-980 (2005 5.9e-162 26 26 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Li (2023) Untitled Unpublished 2.48e-144 2          
Li (2025) High peak viremia followed by spontaneous HIV-1 control in women living with HIV-1 subtype A1 in East Africa Unpublished 3.37e-152 8          
Li (2017) Genome Sequence of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF79_0107) Identified from Shanxi, China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses (2017) In press 5.6e-143 3          
Li (1993) Molecular characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cloned directly from uncultured human brain tissue: identification of replication-competent and -defective viral genomes J. Virol. 65 (8), 3973-3985 (1991) 2.56e-155 2          
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Li (2016) High Prevalence of HIV Type 1 Subtype B' Among Heterosexuals in Western Hubei, Central China: Bridging the Epidemic into the General Population AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 27 (9), 1025-1028 (201 5.16e-166 40 40 Uncertain Plasma; PBMC Molecular clones Molecular epidemiology
Li (2016) Identification of a novel second-generation circulating recombinant form (CRF48_01B) in Malaysia: a descendant of the previously identified CRF33_01B J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 54 (2), 129-136 (2 1.54e-152 6          
Li (2021) The first third-generation HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF114_0155) identified in central China Arch Virol (2021) In press 1.42e-147 8          
Li (2012) Tracing the origin and history of HIV-1 subtype B' epidemic by near full-length genome analyses AIDS 26 (7), 877-884 (2012) 1.71e-153 33 33 Naive Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
Li (2015) Genomic Characterization of Two Novel HIV-1 Unique (CRF01_AE/B) Recombinant Forms Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Beijing, China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 31 (9), 921-925 (2015) 1.05e-142 2          
Li (2014) Genomic Characterization of Two Novel HIV-1 Second-Generation Recombinant Forms Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Beijing, China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 31 (3), 342-346 (2015) 2.3e-141 4          
Liang (2011) A Comparison of Parallel Pyrosequencing and Sanger Clone-Based Sequencing and Its Impact on the Characterization of the Genetic Diversity of HIV-1 PLoS ONE 6 (10), E26745 (2011) 1.24e-171 2863 96 Naive PBMC Molecular clones; NGS Miscellaneous
Liang (2020) Direct Submission Submitted (13-OCT-2019) School of Public Health, G 4.36e-145 1         Unpublished
Liao (2016) Phylodynamic analysis of the dissemination of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Vietnam Virology 391 (1), 51-56 (2009) 1.04e-146 33 33 Uncertain Plasma Direct PCR Molecular epidemiology
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Liegeois (2013) HIV Type-1 Group O Infection in Gabon: Low Prevalence Rate But Circulation of Genetically Diverse and Drug-Resistant HIV Type-1 Group O Strains AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 29 (7), 1085-1090 (201 1.19e-124 2          
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Liu (2013) Vertical T cell immunodominance and epitope entropy determine HIV-1 escape J. Clin. Invest. 123 (1), 380-393 (2013) 7.25e-157 1029 17 Naive Plasma SGS HLA
Liu (2016) Molecular epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and hepatitis C virus in former blood donors in central China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 24 (1), 1-6 (2008) 8.15e-161 38 38 Naive PBMC Molecular clones Molecular epidemiology
Liu (2008) Dynamic analysis of genetic diversity of gag and env regions of HIV-1 CRF07_BC recombinant in intravenous drug users in Xinjiang Uvghur Autonomous Region, China Arch. Virol. 153 (7), 1233-1240 (2008) 6.24e-162 298 14 Naive Plasma Molecular clones Molecular epidemiology
Liu (2018) Direct Submission Submitted (22-MAY-2018) Division of Virology and I 9.27e-146 1         Unpublished
Liu (2013) Characterization of near full-length genomes of HIV-1 in Yunnan, China: dominance of multiple circulating recombinant forms and unique recombinant forms Unpublished 2.42e-149 55         Unpublished
Liu (2016) Phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 CRF65_CPX reveals Yunnan province is still a source contributing to the spread of HIV-1 in China J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. (2015) In press 2.13e-152 6          
Liu (2016) Identification and Characterization of Two New HIV Type 1 Unique (B/C) Recombinant Forms in China AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 27 (4), 445-451 (2011) 1.68e-151 2          
Liu (2016) Selection on the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteome following primary infection J. Virol. 80 (19), 9519-9529 (2006) 1.47e-156 208 2 Naive Plasma; PBMC Molecular clones Acute infection
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Liu (2025) Rapid Circulation of HIV-1 CRF85_BC in Southwest China: its geographic origins and molecular transmission networks analysis Unpublished 2.66e-147 47          
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Lu (2021) Genome mosaic structure of two novel HIV-1 recombinant forms (CRF01_AE/B) among the recently infected men who have sex with men in Hebei, China Unpublished 8.68e-142 2         Unpublished
Lu (2022) Novel recombinant forms Unpublished 9.47e-147 3          
Lu (2022) Identification of two novel HIV-1 recombinant forms originated from CRF01_AE and subtype B in Hebei, China Unpublished 3.05e-142 2          
Lu (2023) CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC recombinant forms Unpublished 1.87e-144 5          
Lu (2023) Identification of a new HIV-1 recombinant forms (CRF68_01B/A1) among the recently infected men who have sex with men in Hebei, China Unpublished 3.03e-141 1          
Lu (2023) Identification of CRF01_AE/C recombinant forms Unpublished 5.08e-145 1          
Lu (2023) Near-full-length genome analysis of a HIV-1 CRF01_AE/B recombinant strain among men who have sex with men in Chengde City, China Unpublished 5.1e-147 1          
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