Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database - A curated public database designed to represent, store, and analyze the divergent forms of data underlying HIV drug resistance.

Multi-NRTI Resistant HIV-1 RT Panel

A panel of 12 prototypical infectious multidrug resistant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) clones. The panel includes clones with each of the published nucleoside analog RT inhibitor (NRTI) mutations in the combinations that occur most frequently in HIV-infected individuals.

The related study is

Johnston E, Dupnik KM, Gonzales MJ, Winters MA, Rhee SY, Imamichi T and Shafer RW (2005), Panel of prototypical infectious molecular HIV-1 clones containing multiple nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations., AIDS 19(7):731-3.

The panel was donated to the AIDS Reference Reagent Program (http://www.aidsreagent.org) in 2002.
To download nucleic acid sequence, click here.



Clone Name GenBank NIH p24 (ng/ml) TAM 184 69 65 151 Pathway 74 115 44 118 Fold Decreased Susceptibility
41 67 70 210 215 219 75 77 116 151 AZT d4T TDF ABC ddI 3TC
1 AY351774 6463-13 2.2 L N   W Y   V                   I 24 4.1 1.5 7.4 2.1 >>
2 AY351750 7303-3 2.4 L N   W Y     D               D I >> 6.7 5.9 8.4 2.3 7.5
3 AY351769 4755-5 2.5 L N   W Y   V D               D I 61 3.9 2.3 7.7 2.4 >>
4 AY351719 7324-4 1.8   N R   F E                       464 2.3 5.2 3.8 1.5 3.6
5 AY351744 7295-1 2.1   N R   F Q V N                   9.9 1.9 1.1 6.1 1.9 >>
6 AY351717 7324-1 1.6 L N R   F E   N                   923 2.6 8.1 4.2 1.7 4.1
7 AY351729 52534-2 2.7 L     W Y   V ins           V       719 9 4.2 22 3.3 >>
8 AY351767 1617-1 2.5     G       V K   I L Y M   Y     261 11 2.4 >> 23 >>
9 AY351770 35764-2 3.2                   I L Y M         55 11 1.9 7.1 11 5.4
10 AY351736 56252-1 1.5     R           R I L Y M         >> 20 11 >> 28 89
11 AY829262 71361-1 2.4                 R                 0.7 1.9 3.8 3.6 3 10
12 AY829263 8415-2 2.3             V   R                 0.3 1.2 1.1 9.1 3 >>


Footnotes:
  1. Abbreviations: TAMs - thymidine analog mutations; ABC - abacavir; ddI - didanosine; 3TC - lamivudine; d4T - stavudine; TDF - tenofovir; AZT - zidovudine
  2. p24 - logarithm of the p24 antigen concentration (ng/ml) of the initial virus stock.
  3. Fold resistance (reduction in drug susceptibility) as determined by the Monogram PhenoSenseTM assay.
  4. Although susceptibilities to emtricitabine (FTC)--the most recently approved nucleoside RT inhibitor--were not determined, its resistance profile is considered identical to that of 3TC.
  5. Results in the orange color are above the PhenoSense assay clinical cut-off. ">>" indicates that the fold resistance was above the upper limit of assay detection, which is 300-fold for 3TC and ~1,000 fold for AZT.
  6. Nonnucleoside RT inhibitor resistance mutations at position 103 (K103N) were present in clones 2, and 10, and at position 190 (G190C and G190A) in clones 7 and 11.
  7. The "ins" at position 69 for clone 7 indicates the presence of a double amino acid (SS) insertion following a T69S substitution at position 69.

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