Essential Data on PI DRMs
Last updated on 2016-6-20
Prevalence of PI DRMs in ARV-naive and -treated patients and their contributions to reduced PI susceptibility
| DRM | HIVDB Score | SDRM | Prevalence (%) | Phenotypic Fold Resistance | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARV-Naive (n=73775) | ARV-Treated (n=21526) | ATV (n=1100) | DRV (n=590) | LPV (n=1389) | |||
| L90M | 3 | 1.2 | 1.9 | ||||
| I84V | 4 | 3 | 3 | ||||
| D30N | 3 | 0.9 | 1.1 | ||||
| N88D | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| L76V | 0.4 | 2 | 4 | ||||
| G48V | 4 | 0.8 | 2 | ||||
| I54L | 2 | 3 | 1.9 | ||||
| I50L | 6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | ||||
| I54M | 2 | 5 | 3 | ||||
| I50V | 0.9 | 4 | 4 | ||||
| N88S | 7 | 0.9 | 1.1 | ||||
| I47A | 0.9 | 2 | 43 | ||||
| G48M | 2 | 1.1 | 1.8 | ||||
| G48A | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| G48Q | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| I84A | 47 | NA | 6 | ||||
| I84C | 5 | NA | 1.9 | ||||
| G48S | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| G48L | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| G48T | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| V82T | 2 | 0.6 | 3 | ||||
| V82L | 2 | 1.5 | 1.2 | ||||
| I47V | 0.9 | 1.3 | 4 | ||||
| V82A | 1.5 | 0.8 | 3 | ||||
| M46I | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.6 | ||||
| V32I | 3 | 3 | 1.3 | ||||
| V82F | 2.0 | 4 | 7 | ||||
| V82S | 4 | NA | 6 | ||||
| V82C | 1.3 | 1.3 | 3 | ||||
| V82M | 1.0 | 1.2 | 0.9 | ||||
| N88G | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| N88T | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| T74P | 2 | 1.5 | 1.4 | ||||
| N83D | 3 | 0.9 | 1.3 | ||||
| I54V | 3 | 1.4 | 4 | ||||
| M46L | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.6 | ||||
| I54A | 12 | NA | 11 | ||||
| I54T | 9 | 6 | 9 | ||||
| I54S | 10 | 2 | 11 | ||||
| M46V | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| L10F | 1.4 | 1.5 | 2 | ||||
| G73S | 2 | 1.2 | 1.5 | ||||
| Q58E | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| F53L | 1.7 | 1.1 | 1.3 | ||||
| K20T | 2 | 1.1 | 1.9 | ||||
| L24I | 2 | 1.0 | 1.8 | ||||
| G73T | 2 | 1.6 | 1.5 | ||||
| L23I | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| G73C | 1.7 | 1.1 | 1.6 | ||||
| G73A | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| L33F | 1.2 | 2 | 1.8 | ||||
| K43T | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| L89V | 1.2 | 3 | 1.4 | ||||
| L24F | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| L24M | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| G73D | NA | NA | NA | ||||
| G73V | NA | NA | NA | ||||
- Footnotes:
- HIVDB Score: The highest score for ATV (atazanavir), DRV (daurnavir), LPV (lopinavir).
- SDRM (Surveillance Drug Resistance Mutation): Nonpolymorphic DRMs that have been used for TDR surveillance (Bennett DE et al. PLoSOne 2009).
- Without Major DRMs: Primary DRMs are more likely to occur without additional DRMs. However, many co-occurring DRMs have primary roles in conferring resistance to different ARVs.
- Phenotypic Fold Resistance: The contribution of each DRM to reduced PI susceptibility (fold increase in the PI concentration required to inhibit a fixed virus inoculum by 50%) determined using published regression analyses. All results are based on susceptibility tests performed using the PhenoSense assay (Monogram, South San Francisco). The complete dataset used for the regression analyses is downloadable (HIVDB Genotype-Phenotype Dataset, http://hivdb.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/GenoPhenoDS.cgi. Red: Large contribution to reduced in vitro susceptibility. Pink: Statistically significant modest contribution to reduced in vitro susceptibility. Negative values indicate contribution to increased in vitro susceptibility.