Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database - A curated public database designed to represent, store, and analyze the divergent forms of data underlying HIV drug resistance.

NNRTI Mutation Pattern & Susceptibility

1420 patterns of major drug resistance mutations (defined here) from 37400 clinical isolates obtained from 36515 persons infected with HIV-1 Group M virus are arranged in decreasing prevalence in the table (updated on 2025-9-10). Sequences containing a mixture at one of the major drug resistance positions were excluded from the table. For each pattern, drug susceptibility data on isolates matching the specific mutation pattern is shown on the left side. The analysis was originally published in Rhee et al. 2004.

The number of sequences with each pattern is indicated, as well as the median fold resistance, as assayed by the ViroLogic PhenoSense assay, to each of several individual members of the selected drug class. Subscripts indicate the number of sequences assayed for resistance to the designated drug. Data is also available for download in a tab-delimited format. Interquartile ranges are available by clicking here. Data on the 30 most common mutation patterns is also available in a PDF format.

Mutation PatternsEFV
foldn		ETR
foldn		RPV
foldn		DOR
foldn
100I,103S150016.51171 
138A,190E200214721142 
101P,103S20059122001 
190E20087027.31181
100I,188L20036432001 
101P,103N200143892005 
101E,181C,190S2004253232181
101H,181C,190S2001251  
98G,181C,190S2001191  
98G,101E,181C,190S2003163  
98G,101E,181C,190A2005152221 
100I,103N,138G2002152371 
103N,179T,188L2001131  
100I,103N,221Y20056.836.31 
190Q20086.54  
181C,190S20056.51  
101E,138G,190S20024.723.61 
100I,103N200684.54212126.88
98G,101H,181C,190A20014.31  
98G,188L200241  
103N,230L20073.5242361
101P,190A2004332001 
106I,179D,188L200232  
103N,225H,238T20012.81  
103N,188L200112.586951254
101E,106I,181C,190S20012.21  
98G,100I,103N20041.71  
103N,108I,230L20011.612.81 
103N,138A,188L20011.31  
101E,188L20021.11  
101E,106M,190A,227L200111  
101E,190S20040.510.51 
98G,190S2001   
98G,103N,181C,190A2002   
98G,108I,181C,190A2001   
98G,108I,181C,190A,221Y2001   
101E,138A,190S2001   
101E,108I,190A2001   
103N,106A,227L2004   
103N,106M2001   
103N,108I,181C,190A2001   
103N,108I,181C,225H2001   
103N,181C,190A,238N2001   
100I,103N,318F2001   
106A,190A,225H2001   
106I,179E,188L,221Y2002   
106I,188L,221Y2001   
190C1701   
179D,190A16221.621.3111
106I,188L1618352411111
138A,188L1501   
98G,103S,190A1481   
103N,188H13020.21  
103N,181C,190A12544.632.3232
103N,190A12550.640.8323
101H,103N,190A12510.510.411.21
103N,108I,190A12510.310.311.21
179D,188L12222.827.51 
100I,103N,108I1211171791271
100I,103N,225H1191121161 
106A,190A,227L11910.711.211061
188L,225H11514.21151 
108I,181C,190A,221Y1061   
98G,103N,225H10110.91  
103N,225H100170.86127.82
101E,181C,190A,221Y9424.62  
108I,179D9313.51  
103N,179F,181C9018.812.31 
103S,190A,238T851   
106M,179D8430.830.82 
101H,181C,190A833   
101E,190A769262.551.83
98G,103N,138A751   
103N,138G,225H731   
103N,108I,181C7268.265.644.84
101E,108I,181C,190A7221.62  
103N,179F,181C,190A7119.11  
103N,108I,181C,221Y6736.62141 
103N,138A,225H63121  
188L59461.4246.4101496
101E,181C,190A57105.445.722.22
101E,138A,190A5724.51  
190S56110.580.445.24
106M5520.720.513.41
103N,232H541   
103N,108I,234I5210.41  
103N,138G,238T4911.81  
103N,181C,225H471311  
106I,108I,181C,221Y461311  
103N,108I,225H421   
98G,103N,181C4033.81  
103N,108I40150.861.434.62
98G,106I,181C,190A3511.51  
103N,238T3341.21  
108I,181C,190A321   
103S,190A3190.360.421.21
181C,188L3121229.81 
179D,181C291221  
103N,181C,221Y2979.71  
103N,188F2710.71  
101P2744.85232 
103N,108I,221Y2510.31  
103N,348I2412.52  
103N,138A2423.127.21 
98G,103N24140.341.9141
103N,181C23486.8182.874.44
98G,181C,190A2211.81  
101H,190A2110161.13 
108I,190A1620.81  
181C,230L152   
98G,190A153   
108I,179E,181C151   
108I,181C,221Y1525.71  
181C,190A,221Y14252  
106A,190A131   
103N131950.6821121.26
103N,138G1322.522.82 
181C,190A10122.562.6232
100I9.761.470.751.53
103N,106A8.410.310.61 
98G,181C774.722.113.31
179E,181C74   
106A,227L5.880.81  
103S,106A5.810.7121 
103N,138Q5.630.41  
188H5.620.310.212.81
190A5.2260.890.822.72
103N,138Q,348I5.11   
106A,225H4.810.71111532
179D4.6141.4142211
103S4.46141.232.42
103N,181C,348I4.31   
108I,181C3.9113.583.646.92
179E3.542.2221 
138G,190A3.51   
188C2.920.210.310.31
101E,181C2.332.222.61 
221Y2.242.230.82 
101E2.2141.392.194.51
230L2.260.93  
106A2.141.121.22182
181I,221Y215712001 
181C,221Y2127.41034 
101E,138K223.123.22 
103N,181I1.911111  
238N1.912.512.31 
138G,179E1.81   
181V1.665332035.12
101E,138A1.432.2222 
108I1.4130.871.2141
181C1.3614.2262.1101.44
138G1.221.821.51 
138Q1.23 2.91 
138A1.1221.8141.972.11
138K1191.6191.6180.75
98G0.9250.7111.313.31
138A,190A0.910.61  
106I0.8131.171.431.12
101H0.880.440.71 
225H0.84   
138A,181I0.72   
181I0.66334124 
None0.69260.73170.9501.61
236L0.530.620.622.82
179L0.510.510.51 
227L0.51   
238T0.53   
179T0.320.22  
181C,348I 322  
101P,348I 9.51  
100I,348I 6.52  
179D,348I 3.52  
190A,348I 1.82  
348I 1.62  
190S,348I 1.42  
108I,138K  3.71 
138R  1.81 
98G,138A    
98G,190E    
98G,101E,190A    
98G,101E,190S    
98G,101E,106I,108I,181C,190A    
98G,101E,106M,181C,190A    
98G,101E,108I,181C,190A    
98G,101E,108I,181C,190A,221Y    
98G,101E,181C    
98G,101E,181C,190A,227L    
98G,101E,181C,190A,225H    
98G,101P,103N    
98G,103N,138G    
98G,103N,138G,225H    
98G,103N,138Q    
98G,103N,138Q,238T    
98G,103N,190A    
98G,103N,221Y    
98G,103N,238N    
98G,103N,238T    
98G,103N,348I    
98G,103N,225H,238N    
98G,103N,106M    
98G,103N,108I    
98G,103N,108I,138Q,318F    
98G,103N,108I,227L    
98G,103N,108I,221Y    
98G,103N,108I,238T    
98G,103N,108I,230L    
98G,103N,108I,225H    
98G,103N,108I,181C    
98G,103N,108I,181C,190A    
98G,103N,108I,181C,190A,221Y    
98G,103N,108I,181C,221Y    
98G,103N,108I,181C,348I    
98G,103N,108I,181C,318F    
98G,103N,179F,181C    
98G,103N,181C,190A,348I    
98G,103N,181C,221Y    
98G,103N,181C,348I    
98G,103N,181C,225H    
98G,103N,318F    
98G,100I,103N,221Y    
98G,100I,103N,108I    
98G,106A,227L    
98G,106I    
98G,106I,179E,188L    
98G,106I,181C    
98G,106I,188L    
98G,106M,227L    
98G,106M,188C    
98G,108I    
98G,108I,179E,181C    
98G,108I,181C    
98G,108I,181C,221Y    
98G,179D,188L    
98G,179E    
98G,179E,181C,190A    
98G,181C,221Y    
98G,181C,221Y,318F    
98G,181I    
98G,181V    
98G,188L,318F    
98G,318F    
138A,190E,348I    
138A,348I    
138A,179D    
138A,179E    
138A,179T    
138G,179D    
138G,179T,188L    
138G,181I    
138G,188L    
138K,190Q    
138K,221Y    
138K,179D    
138K,188L    
138Q,179D    
138Q,179L    
227I    
227V    
227Y    
190A,227L    
190A,221Y    
190A,221Y,230L    
190A,238T    
190E,221Y    
190E,348I    
190Q,221Y    
190Q,348I    
190S,221Y    
221Y,348I    
101E,138G,190A    
101E,138K,190E    
101E,138K,190E,221Y    
101E,138Q,190A    
101E,190A,238T    
101E,190A,348I    
101E,190A,225H    
101E,190A,318F    
101E,190C    
101E,190S,348I    
101E,103N    
101E,103N,138A,190A    
101E,103N,190A    
101E,103N,190S    
101E,103N,221Y    
101E,103N,348I    
101E,103N,225H,348I    
101E,103N,108I    
101E,103N,108I,225H,230L    
101E,103N,181C,190A    
101E,348I    
101E,106A,190A,227L    
101E,106I,138A,190A    
101E,106I,138Q,190A    
101E,106I,190A    
101E,106I,190S    
101E,106I,179F,181C,190A    
101E,106I,181C,190A    
101E,106I,181C,190A,221Y    
101E,106M,138A,190A    
101E,106M,138A,190A,227L    
101E,106M,138K,179D,227L    
101E,106M,138Q,190A,227L    
101E,106M,227L    
101E,106M,190A    
101E,106M,190A,348I    
101E,106M,181C,227L    
101E,106M,181C,190A    
101E,106M,181C,190A,221Y    
101E,106M,181C,190A,221Y,227L    
101E,108I    
101E,108I,138G,181C,190A    
101E,108I,190A,221Y    
101E,108I,190S    
101E,108I,221Y    
101E,108I,181C    
101E,108I,181C,190A,221Y    
101E,108I,181C,190A,221Y,227L    
101E,108I,181C,190A,348I    
101E,108I,181C,190A,225H    
101E,108I,181V,190A,348I    
101E,181C,190A,348I    
101E,181C,190S,221Y    
101E,181C,190S,348I    
101E,181C,221Y    
101E,181C,348I    
101E,181I    
101E,181I,188L,190A    
101E,188C    
101H,190A,348I    
101H,190S    
101H,106I,108I,181C,190A,318F    
101H,106M,190A,227L    
101H,106M,181C,190A    
101H,108I,181C,190A    
101H,181C,190A,227Y    
101H,181C,190A,348I    
101P,190A,348I    
101P,190A,318F    
101P,103N,138A    
101P,103N,348I    
101P,103N,106I    
101P,103N,108I    
101P,103S,138Q    
101P,103S,190A    
101P,103S,106M    
101P,188L    
103E    
103H,181C,190A,221Y    
103H,181C,190A,348I    
103N,138A,190A    
103N,138A,238T    
103N,138A,230L    
103N,138A,348I    
103N,138A,225H,230L    
103N,138A,181C,190A    
103N,138A,188L,225H    
103N,138G,221Y    
103N,138K    
103N,138K,225H    
103N,138Q,238T    
103N,138Q,181C    
103N,138Q,318F    
103N,138Q,318F,348I    
103N,227L,348I    
103N,190A,221Y    
103N,190A,238T    
103N,190A,348I    
103N,190A,225H    
103N,190S    
103N,221Y    
103N,221Y,230L,234I    
103N,221Y,348I    
103N,238N    
103N,238T,348I    
103N,238T,318F    
103N,225H,238N    
103N,225H,238T,348I    
103N,225H,230L    
103N,225H,348I    
103N,106A,190A    
103N,106A,348I    
103N,106A,225H    
103N,106A,181C    
103N,106I    
103N,106I,190A    
103N,106I,190A,348I    
103N,106I,230L    
103N,106I,348I    
103N,106I,181C,190A    
103N,106M,138A    
103N,106M,138A,227L    
103N,106M,138A,348I    
103N,106M,138A,232H    
103N,106M,138G    
103N,106M,138Q,348I    
103N,106M,227L    
103N,106M,190A    
103N,106M,230L    
103N,106M,348I    
103N,106M,181C    
103N,106M,181C,190A    
103N,106M,232H    
103N,108I,138Q    
103N,108I,190A,221Y    
103N,108I,190A,348I    
103N,108I,221Y,227L    
103N,108I,221Y,227L,230L    
103N,108I,221Y,230L    
103N,108I,221Y,230L,234I    
103N,108I,221Y,348I    
103N,108I,221Y,318F    
103N,108I,238T    
103N,108I,238T,348I    
103N,108I,348I    
103N,108I,225H,238T    
103N,108I,225H,348I    
103N,108I,179E    
103N,108I,179E,348I    
103N,108I,181C,190A,221Y    
103N,108I,181C,190A,238T,348I    
103N,108I,181C,190A,348I    
103N,108I,181C,221Y,238T    
103N,108I,181C,221Y,348I    
103N,108I,181C,238T    
103N,108I,181C,348I    
103N,108I,181V,221Y    
103N,108I,188H    
103N,108I,318F    
103N,179D    
103N,179E    
103N,179E,348I    
103N,179E,181C    
103N,181C,190A,221Y    
103N,181C,190A,221Y,348I    
103N,181C,190A,348I    
103N,181C,190A,225H    
103N,181C,221Y,227L    
103N,181C,221Y,238T    
103N,181C,221Y,348I    
103N,181C,221Y,225H    
103N,181C,238T    
103N,181V    
103N,188C    
103N,188C,221Y    
103N,188H,221Y    
103N,188L,230L    
103N,188L,348I    
103N,318F    
103N,318F,348I    
103Q    
103Q,106M,188F,227L    
103Q,181C,221Y    
103S,138A,348I    
103S,190A,348I    
103S,190A,225H    
103S,190A,318F    
103S,238T    
103S,106I    
103S,106M    
103S,106M,138Q    
103S,106M,227L    
103S,106M,190A    
103S,108I,190A,348I    
103S,181C    
103S,181C,221Y    
100I,101E,138A,190A,221Y    
100I,101E,190A    
100I,103N,138A    
100I,103N,138K    
100I,103N,138K,179L    
100I,103N,138Q    
100I,103N,190A    
100I,103N,221Y,225H    
100I,103N,238N    
100I,103N,238T    
100I,103N,230L    
100I,103N,230L,318F    
100I,103N,348I    
100I,103N,225H,348I    
100I,103N,106I    
100I,103N,106M    
100I,103N,108I,138K,225H    
100I,103N,108I,221Y    
100I,103N,179T    
100I,103N,181C    
100I,103N,181I,221Y    
100I,188L,348I    
100V    
234I    
230I    
225H,238T    
106A,227L,348I    
106A,190A,221Y,227L    
106A,348I    
106A,108I,227L,230L    
106A,179D    
106A,181C    
106I,138A    
106I,138G    
106I,138K    
106I,190A    
106I,221Y    
106I,238T    
106I,230L    
106I,348I    
106I,108I    
106I,179D    
106I,179D,190A    
106I,179E    
106I,179E,188L    
106I,179E,188L,238N    
106I,179T    
106I,181C    
106I,181C,190A    
106I,181C,190A,348I    
106I,181C,221Y    
106I,181C,221Y,348I    
106I,188L,238N    
106I,188L,348I    
106I,188L,232H    
106L    
106L,188L,348I    
106M,138A,190A    
106M,138A,179D    
106M,138A,179D,190A    
106M,138A,179D,230L    
106M,138A,188L,232H    
106M,138G,179E,227L    
106M,138K    
106M,227L    
106M,227L,348I    
106M,190A    
106M,190A,227L    
106M,190A,221Y    
106M,190A,221Y,227L    
106M,108I,179E,227L    
106M,108I,181C,348I    
106M,179D,227L    
106M,179D,190A    
106M,179D,190A,227L    
106M,179D,230L    
106M,179D,348I    
106M,179D,181C    
106M,179D,188C    
106M,179E,190A    
106M,181C    
106M,181C,190A    
106M,181C,190A,227L    
106M,181C,190A,221Y    
106M,181C,188C    
106M,188C    
106M,188C,190A    
106M,188C,221Y    
106M,188C,348I    
106M,188H    
106M,188L    
108I,138A    
108I,138Q,181C,221Y,227L,348I    
108I,227L    
108I,221Y    
108I,348I    
108I,179D,181C,190A    
108I,179E    
108I,179E,221Y    
108I,179E,181C,221Y    
108I,181C,190A,227L    
108I,181C,190A,348I    
108I,181C,221Y,348I    
108I,181C,348I    
108I,181V,348I    
179D,190A,238T    
179D,181C,190A    
179D,181C,221Y    
179D,181C,221Y,318F    
179D,181C,348I    
179D,181I    
179D,188L,221Y    
179E,181C,190A    
179E,181C,348I    
179E,188L    
179E,188L,348I    
179F    
179L,188L    
179T,190A    
179T,348I    
181C,190A,348I    
181C,190S,221Y    
181C,190S,348I    
181C,221Y,238T    
181C,221Y,348I    
181C,232H    
181C,318F,348I    
181F    
181I,348I    
181V,348I    
188C,190A    
188L,190A    
188L,221Y    
188L,221Y,348I    
188L,348I    
232H    
318F    

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