Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database - A curated public database designed to represent, store, and analyze the divergent forms of data underlying HIV drug resistance.

A curated public database designed to represent, store, and analyze the divergent forms of data underlying HIV drug resistance.

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References

Select an author to see all studies by that author in the HIV Drug Resistance Database. The table contains the alphabetical list of all studies by first author. For each entry, the link on the left is to the Medline abstract; the link on right is to the study dataset.

 
First Author (yr)TitleCitationData
Abecasis (2007) Recombination confounds the early evolutionary history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: subtype G is a circulating recombinant form J Virol
Adachi (1986) Production of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated retrovirus in human and nonhuman cells transfected with an infectious molecular clone. J Virol
Adojaan (2005) Predominance of a Rare Type of HIV-1 in Estonia JAIDS
Aghokeng (2007) Full-length sequence analysis of SIVmus in wild populations of mustached monkeys (Cercopithecus cephus) from Cameroon provides evidence for two co-circulating SIVmus lineages Virology
Agwale (2006) Genotypic and phenotypic analyses of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in antiretroviral drug-naive Nigerian patients. ARHR
Ait-Khaled (2002) Mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase during therapy with abacavir, lamivudine, zidovudine in HIV-1 infected adults with no prior antiretroviral therapy Antiviral Therapy
Albert (1987) A new human retrovirus isolate of West African origin (SBL-6669) and its relationship to HTLV-IV, LAV-II, and HTLV-IIIB. ARHR
Albert (1992) Persistence of azidothymidine-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA genotypes in posttreatment sera. J Virol
Albert (1994) Analysis of a rape case by direct sequencing of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 pol and gag genes. J Virol
Albrecht (2000) Effect of lamivudine in HIV-infected persons with prior exposure to zidovudine/didanosine or zidovudine/zalcitabine. ARHR
Albrecht (2001) Nelfinavir, efavirenz, or both after the failure of nucleoside treatment of HIV infection.(AIDS Clinical Trials Group 364 Study Team) N Engl J Med
Alizon (1986) Genetic variability of the AIDS virus: Nucleotide sequence analysis of two isolates from African patients. Cell
Allen (2005) Selective Escape from CD8+ T-Cell Responses Represents a Major Driving Force of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Sequence Diversity and Reveals Constraints on HIV-1 Evolution J Virol
Anderson (2000) Testing the hypothesis of a recombinant origin of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype E. J Virol
Andersson (1999) Molecular characterization of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and -2 in individuals from Guinea-Bissau with single or dual infections: Predominance of a distinct HIV-1 subtype A/G recombinant in West Africa. Virology
Andresen (2007) Characterization of near full-length genomes of HIV type 1 strains in Denmark: basis for a universal therapeutic vaccine ARHR
Andries (2004) TMC125, a novel next-generation nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor active against nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 AAC
Apetrei (1998) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype F reverse transcriptase sequence and drug susceptibility. J Virol
Apetrei (2003) HIV type 1 diversity in northeastern Romania in 2000-2001 based on phylogenetic analysis of pol sequences from patients failing antiretroviral therapy ARHR
Apetrei (2005) Molecular Epidemiology of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVsm in U.S. Primate Centers Unravels the Origin of SIVmac and SIVstm J Virol
Arien (2005) Replicative fitness of historical and recent HIV-1 isolates suggests HIV-1 attenuation over time AIDS
Ariyoshi (2003) Patterns of point mutations associated with antiretroviral drug treatment failure in CRF01_AE (subtype E) infection differ from subtype B infection. JAIDS
Arnold (1995) At least five HIV-1 sequence subtypes (A, B, C, D, A/E) occur in England. ARHR
Arroyo (2004) HIV Type 1 Subtypes among Blood Donors in the Mbeya Region of Southwest Tanzania ARHR
Arroyo (2005) HIV-1 diversity and prevalence differ between urban and rural areas in the Mbeya region of Tanzania AIDS
Atkinson (2000) Correlation between human immunodeficiency virus genotypic resistance and virologic response in patients receiving nelfinavir monotherapy or nelfinavir with lamivudine and zidovudine J Infect Dis
Aulicino (2005) Sequence Analysis of a South American HIV Type 1 BC Recombinant ARHR
Aulicino (2005) Circulation of novel HIV type 1 A, B/C, and F subtypes in Argentina ARHR
Auwanit (1999) Full-length sequences of two isolates of HIV-1 subtype E from 1995 samples of patients with sexually transmitted diseases in Thailand. ARHR
Azevedo-Pereira (1998) Complete nucleotide sequence of HIV-2ALI, a low infectious isolate with restricted tropism to primary CD4+ cells. GenBank submission
Babic (2006) Prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance mutations and HIV-1 non-B subtypes in newly diagnosed drug-naive patients in Slovenia, 2000-2004 Virus Res
Bacheler (2000) Human imunodeficiency virus type 1 mutations selected in patients failing efavirenz combination therapy. AAC
Bacheler (2001) Genotypic correlates of phenotypic resistance to Efavirenz in virus isolates from patients failing nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy J Virol
Badreddine (2007) Identification and Characterization of HIV Type 1 Subtypes Present in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: High Level of Genetic Diversity Found ARHR
Baier (1990) Complete nucleotide sequence of a simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkeys: A novel type of intragroup divergence. Virology
Balakrishnan (2005) HIV type 1 genotypic variation in an antiretroviral treatment-naive population in southern India ARHR
Baldrich-Rubio (2001) A complex human immunodeficiency virus type 1 A/G/J recombinant virus isolated from a seronegative patient with AIDS from Benin, West Africa J Gen Virol
Balotta (2000) Prevalence of multiple dideoxynucleoside analogue resistance (MddNR) in a multicenter cohort of HIV-1 infected Italian patients with virologic failure JAIDS
Balotta (2000) Prevalence of transmitted nucleoside analogue-resistant HIV-1 strains and pre-existing mutations in pol reverse transcriptase and protease region, outcome after treatment in recently infected individuals. Antiviral Therapy
Balotta (2001) Increasing prevalence of non-clade B HIV-1 strains heterosexuals, as monitored by the analysis of the RT and protease sequences JAIDS
Balzarini (1998) A novel mutation (F227L) arises in the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 on dose-escalating treatment of HIV type 1-infected cell cultures with the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor thiocarboxanilide UC-781. ARHR
Bang (2008) Prevalence of primary antiretroviral resistance: trends in Korea ARHR
Barditch-Crovo (2001) Phase I/II trial of the pharmacokinetics, safety, and antiretroviral activity of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults AAC
Barlow (2003) Characterization of a novel simian immunodeficiency virus(SIVmonNG1) genome sequence from a mona monkey(cercopithecus mona) J Virol
Barnett (1993) Distinguishing features of an infectious molecular clone of the highly divergent and noncytopathic human immunodeficiency virus type 2 UC1 strain. J Virol
Barnett (1996) Molecular cloning of the human immunodeficiency virus subtype 2 strain HIV-2-UC2. Virology
Barreto (2006) Trends in antiretroviral drug resistance and clade distributions among HIV-1--infected blood donors in Sao Paulo, Brazil. JAIDS
Baxter (2000) A randomized study of antiretroviral management based on plasma genotypic antiretroviral resistance testing in patients failing therapy. CPCRA 046 study team for the Terry Beirn community programs for Clinical research on AIDS. AIDS
Baxter (2006) Genotypic changes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease associated with reduced susceptibility and virologic response to the protease inhibitor tipranavir. J Virol
Bazmi (2000) In vitro selection of mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase that decrease susceptibility to (-)-beta-D-dioxolane-guanosine and suppress resistance to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine. AAC
Becker (1995) Direct Genbank Submission: Molecular and phylogenetic characterisation of a Guineau-Bissau-derived human immunodeficiency virus type 2 isolate. unpublished
Becker-Pergola (2000) Analysis of HIV Type 1 protease and reverse transcriptase in antiretroviral drug naive Ugandan adults. ARHR
Beer (1999) Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) from Sun-Tailed Monkeys (Cercopithecus solatus): Evidence for Host-Dependent Evolution of SIV within the C.lhoesti Superspecies. J Virol
Beer (2000) Patterns of genomic sequence diversity among their simian immunodeficiency viruses suggest that L'Hoest monkeys (Cercopithecus lhoesti) are a natural lentivirus reservoir J Virol
Beer (2001) Characterization of novel simian immunodeficiency viruses from red-capped mangabeys from Nigera J Virol
Beerenwinkel (2002) Diversity and complexity of HIV-1 drug resistance: A bioinformatics approach to predicting phenotype from genotype PNAS
Belec (2000) High levels of drug resistance human immuno deficiency virus variants in patients exhibiting increasing CD4 + t cell counts despite virologic failure of protease inhibitors containing antiretroviral combination therapy. J Infect Dis
Bellosillo (2003) G190A substitution is associated with delavirdine(DLV) hypersusceptibility in vitro and clinical response with DLV intensification Antiviral Therapy
Benn (1985) Genomic heterogeneity of AIDS retroviral isolates from North America and Zaire. Science
Benveniste (1988) Inoculation of baboons and macaques with simian immunodeficiency virus/Mne, a primate lentivirus closely related to human immunodeficiency virus type 2. J Virol
Bernardin (2003) Primary Infection of a Male Plasma Donor with Divergent HIV Variants from the Same Source Followed by Rapid Fluctuations in Their Relative Frequency and Viral Recombination ARHR
Bernardin (2005) Direct GenBank Submission: HIV-1 Isolates from Canada, Primary Infection unpublished
Bernardin (2005) Human immunodeficiency virus mutations during the first month of infection are preferentially found in known cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes J Virol
Bessong (2005) Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from a previously unexplored region of South Africa with a high HIV prevalence. ARHR
Bessong (2006) Resistance Mutational Analysis of HIV Type 1 Subtype C among Rural South African Drug-Naive Patients Prior to Large-Scale Availability of Antiretrovirals ARHR
Bibollet-Ruche (2004) Complete genome analysis of one of the earliest SIVcpzPtt strains from Gabon (SIVcpzGAB2). ARHR
Bibollet-Ruche (2004) New simian immunodeficiency virus infecting De Brazza's monkeys (Cercopithecus neglectus): evidence for a cercopithecus monkey virus clade. J Virol
Blankson (2007) Isolation and characterization of replication-competent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from a subset of elite suppressors J Virol
Bleiber (2001) Individual contributions of mutant protease and reverse transcriptase to viral infectivity, replication, and protein maturation of antiretroviral drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 J Virol
Bodelle (2004) Identification and genomic sequence of an HIV type 1 group N isolate from Cameroon. ARHR
Bonhoeffer (2004) Evidence for positive epistasis in HIV-1 Science
Bonnenfant (2004) Styrylquinolines, integrase inhibitors acting prior to integration: a new mechanism of action for anti-integrase agents J Virol
Bouchard (2007) HIV type 1 drug resistance among naive patients from Venezuela ARHR
Boucher (1993) High-level resistance to (-) enantiomeric 2'-deoxy-3'-thiacytidine in vitro is due to one amino acid substitution in the catalytic site of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase. AAC
Boucher (1996) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 drug susceptibility determination by using recombinant viruses generated from patient sera tested in a cell-killing assay. AAC
Bouzeghoub (2006) High diversity of HIV type 1 in Algeria ARHR
Bradshaw (2007) Characterization of a novel drug-resistance pattern associated with the mutations K70G and M184V in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase AAC
Brandin (2003) Pol gene sequence variation in Swedish HIV-2 patients failing antiretroviral therapy ARHR
Brann (2006) Functional correlation between a novel amino acid insertion at codon 19 in the protease of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and polymorphism in the p1/p6 Gag cleavage site in drug resistance and replication fitness J Virol
Brennan (2000) Genetic variation in human immunodeficiency virus type 2: identification of a unique variant from human plasma. ARHR
Brennan (2007) HIV-1 strains identified in Brazilian blood donors: significant prevalence of B/F1 recombinants ARHR
Brennan (2008) The Prevalence of Diverse HIV-1 Strains Was Stable in Cameroonian Blood Donors From 1996 to 2004 JAIDS
Brenner (2003) A V106M mutation in HIV-1 clade C viruses exposed to efavirenz confers cross-resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors AIDS
Brenner (2006) HIV-1 subtype C viruses rapidly develop K65R resistance to tenofovir in cell culture AIDS
Brigido (2007) HIV type 1 subtype C and CB Pol recombinants prevail at the cities with the highest AIDS prevalence rate in Brazil ARHR
Brillant (2004) In vitro Resistance Development for a second generation NNRTI: TMC125 unpublished
Brindeiro (2002) Testing genotypic and phenotypic resistance in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Isolates of Clade B and Other Clades from Children Failing Antiretroviral Therapy J Clin Microbiol
Brindeiro (1999) Sequence diversity of the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from untreated Brazilian individuals. AAC
Brindeiro (2003) Brazilian network for HIV drug resistance surveillance (HIV-BResNet): a survey of chronically infected individuals AIDS
Briones (2000) Dynamics of dominance of a dipeptide insertion in reverse transcriptase of HIV-1 from patients subjected to prolonged therapy. Virus Res
Brown (2000) Reduced susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from patients with primary HIV infection to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors is associated with variation at novel amino acid sites. J Virol
Brown (2005) Biologic and genetic characterization of a panel of 60 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates, representing clades A, B, C, D, CRF01_AE, and CRF02_AG, for the development and assessment of candidate vaccines. J Virol
Brumme (2007) Evidence of differential HLA class I-mediated viral evolution in functional and accessory/regulatory genes of HIV-1 PLoS Pathog
Brun (2001) Patterns of protease inhibitor cross resistance in viral isolates with reduced susceptibility to lopinavir 8th CROI
Burns (2002) Sequence variability of the integrase protein from a diverse collection of HIV type 1 isolates representing several subtypes ARHR
Bussmann (2005) HIV-1 subtype C drug-resistance background among ARV-naive adults in Botswana. Antivir Chem Chemoth
Buzon (2008) Raltegravir susceptibility and fitness progression of HIV type-1 integrase in patients on long-term antiretroviral therapy Antiviral Therapy
Byrnes (1993) Comprehensive mutant enzyme and viral variant assessment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase resistance to nonnucleoside inhibitors. AAC
Byrnes (1994) Susceptibilities of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enzyme and viral variants expressing multiple resistance-engendering amino acid substitutions to reserve transcriptase inhibitors. AAC
Cabana (1999) Emergence and genetic evolution of HIV-1 variants with mutations conferring resistance to multiple reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors. J Med Virol
Cahn (2002) Patients infected with nonB isolates from Argentina Unpublished
Cain (1999) RT and protease sequences from heavily treated patients referred to a reference lab in the UK. unpublished
Cali (2005) Evidence for host-driven selection of the HIV type 1 vpr gene in vivo during HIV disease progression in a transfusion-acquired cohort ARHR
Camacho (2002) Patients infected with Non-B isolates from Portugal Unpublished
Candotti (1999) AIDS in a HIV antibody seronegative Ghanaian woman J Med Virol
Caride (2001) Genotypic and phenotypic evidence of different drug-resistance mutation patterns between B and non-B subtype isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 found in Brazilian patients failing HAART Virus Genes
Caron (2008) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seroprevalence and antiretroviral drug resistance-associated mutations in miners in Gabon, central Africa ARHR
Carr (1996) Full-length sequence and mosaic structure of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolate from Thailand. J Virol
Carr (1998) Full genome sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes G and A/G intersubtype recombinants Virology
Carr (1999) Direct Genbank Submission: HIV-1 isolates from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and from Gabon. unpublished
Carr (1999) Characterization of subtype A HIV-1 from Africa by full genome sequencing. AIDS
Carr (2001) The AG recombinant IbNG and novel strains of group M HIV-1 are common in Cameroon Virology
Carr (2001) Diverse BF recombinants have spread widely since the introduction of HIV-1 into South America AIDS
Carr (2005) Direct Genbank Submission: HIV Subtype and Drug Resistance Patterns among Drug-Naive Infected Persons in Jos, Nigeria. Unpublished
Carr (2005) Outbreak of West African recombinant of HIV-1 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. JAIDS
Carr (2006) Direct Genbank Submission: High Genetic Complexity of HIV-1 in low-prevalence, rural regions of Cameroon. unpublished
Carrillo (1998) In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants with increased resistance to ABT-378. J Virol
Carrion (2003) Circulating Recombinant Form CRF02_AG in South America ARHR
Carrion (2004) Documentation of subtype C HIV Type 1 strains in Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay ARHR
Casado (2003) Near Full-Length Genome Characterization of an HIV Type 1 CRF05_DF Virus from Spain ARHR
Casado (2005) Identification of a novel HIV-1 circulating ADG intersubtype recombinant form (CRF19_cpx) in Cuba JAIDS
Castro (2002) Molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in Venezuela: High prevalence of HIV-1 subtype B and identification of an B/F recombinant infection JAIDS
Caumont (2001) Sequence analysis of env C2/V3, gag p17/p24, and pol protease regions of 25 HIV type 1 Isolates from Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam ARHR
Cenci (1997) Selected nucleotide sequence of the pol gene of the monocytotropic strain HIV-1 BAL. ARHR
Chaix (2003) Stable prevalence of genotypic drug resistance mutatioins but increase in non-B virus among patients with primary HIV-1 infection in France AIDS
Chakrabarti (1987) Sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus from macaque and its relationship to other human and simian retroviruses. Nature
Chang (1999) Sequence features downstream of the primer-binding site of HIV type 1 subtype E shared by subtype G and a subset of subtype A ARHR
Chang (1999) Differential stability of the mRNA secondary structures in the frameshift site of various HIV type 1 viruses. ARHR
Charpentier (2008) Drug resistance profiles for the HIV integrase gene in patients failing raltegravir salvage therapy HIV Med
Chen (1996) Genetic characterization of new West African simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsm: geographic clustering of household-derived SIV strains with human immunodeficiency virus type 2 subtypes and genetically diverse viruses from a single feral sooty mangabey t J Virol
Cheng (1992) Molecular characterization of HIV-2(ROD) protease following PCR cloning from virus infected H9 cells Adv. Exp. Med. Biol
Cho (1998) Direct Genbank Submission: Complete HIV-1 Genome from South Korea, long-term nonprogressor. unpublished
Cho (2002) Frequency of mutations conferring resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients in Korea. J Clin Microbiol
Cho (2006) High frequency of grossly deleted nef genes in HIV-1 infected long-term slow progressors treated with Korean red ginseng Curr HIV Res
Choi (1997) HIV type 1 isolate Z321, the strain used to make a therapeutic HIV type 1 immunogen, is intersubtype recombinant ARHR
Chou (1999) HIV-1 RT and protease sequences from individuals failing antiretroviral therapy, Portland VAMC. unpublished
Church (2007) HIV type 1 variants with nevirapine resistance mutations are rarely detected in antiretroviral drug-naive African women with subtypes A, C, and D ARHR
Ciccozzi (2005) Molecular diversity of HIV in Albania J Infect Dis
Cinque (2001) Effect of genotypic resistance on the virological response to highly active antiretroviral therapy in cerebrospinal fluid. ARHR
Clavel (1986) Isolation of a new human retrovirus from West African patients with AIDS. Science
Clavel (1986) Molecular cloning and polymorphism of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2. Nature
Clevenbergh (2002) Long-term virological outcome in patients infected with multi-nucleoside analogue-resistant HIV-1. Antiviral Therapy
Clewley (1998) A novel simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVdrl) pol sequence from the drill monkey, Mandrillus leucophaeus. J Virol
Clewley (2005) Direct Genbank Submission: Partial pol gene from SIV found in Mandillus leuophaeus. unpublished
Coakley (2005) Atazanavir resistance in a protease inhibitor-naïve patient treated with Atazanavir/Ritonavir associated with development of high-level Atazanavir resistance and the N88S mutation in protease. unpublished
Coakley (2000) Phenotypic and genotypic resistance patterns of HIV-1 isolates derived from individuals treated with didanosine and stavudine. AIDS
Collman (1992) An infectious molecular clone of an unusual macrophage-tropic and highly cytopathic strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol
Colonno (2000) BMS-232632 sensitivity of a panel of HIV-1 clinical isolates resistant to one or more approved protease inhibitors. Antiviral Therapy
Colonno (2004) Identification of I50L as the signature atazanavir (ATV)-resistance mutation in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected patients receiving ATV-containing regimens. J Infect Dis
Condra (1995) In vivo emergence of HIV-1 variants resistant to multiple protease Inhibitors Nature
Condra (1996) Genetic correlates of in vivo viral resistance to indinavir, a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor J Virol
Corbet (2000) Env sequences of SIV from chimpanzees in Cameroon are strongly related to HIV group N from the same geographic area. J Virol
Cornelissen (1997) pol diversity of five HIV-1 subtypes: evidence for naturally occurring mutations that contribute to drug resistance, limited recombination patterns, and common ancestry for subtypes B and D. J Virol
Cornelissen (2000) Spread of distinct human immunodeficiency virus type 1 AG recombinant lineages in Africa J Gen Virol
Courgnaud (1992) Genetic differences accounting for evolution and pathogenicity of simian immunodeficiency virus from a sooty mangabey monkey after cross-species transmission to a pig-tailed macaque. J Virol
Courgnaud (2001) Characterization of a novel simian immunodeficiency virus from guereza colobus monkeys (Colobus guereza) in Cameroon: a new lineage in the nonhuman primate lentivirus family. J Virol
Courgnaud (2002) Characterization of a novel simian immunodeficiency virus with a vpu gene from greater spot-nosed monkeys (Cercopithecus nictitans) provides new insights into simian/human immunodeficiency virus phylogeny. J Virol
Courgnaud (2003) Partial molecular characterization of two simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV) from African colobids: SIVwrc from western red colobus (Piliocolobus badius) and SIVolc from olive colobus (Procolobus verus). J Virol
Courgnaud (2003) Identification of a new simian immunodeficiency virus lineage with a vpu gene present among different cercopithecus monkeys (C. mona, C. cephus, and C. nictitans) from Cameroon. J Virol
Couto-Fernandez (2006) Phylogenetic Analysis of Brazilian HIV Type 1 Subtype D Strains: Tracing the Origin of This Subtype in Brazil ARHR
Craig (1998) HIV protease genotype and viral sensitivity to HIV protease inhibitors following saquinavir therapy. AIDS
Crandall (1999) Parallel evolution of drug resistance in HIV: Failure of nonsynonymous / synonymous substitution rate ratio to detect selection. Mol Bio Evol
Cuevas (2002) High HIV-1 genetic diversity in Cuba. AIDS
Damond (2004) Identification of a highly divergent HIV type 2 and proposal for a change in HIV type 2 classification. ARHR
Das (2004) Roles of conformational and positional adaptability in structure-based design of TMC125-R165335 (etravirine) and related non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors that are highly potent and effective against wild-type and drug-resistant HIV-1 varian J Med Chem
Das (2008) High-resolution structures of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase/TMC278 complexes: strategic flexibility explains potency against resistance mutations PNAS
Dauber (2002) Altered substrate specificity of drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease. J Virol
Dazza (2005) Characterization of a Novel vpu-Harboring Simian Immunodeficiency Virus from a Dent's Mona Monkey (Cercopithecus mona denti) J Virol
de Baar (2000) Natural residues versus antiretroviral drug-selected mutations in HIV type 1 group O reverse transcriptase and protease related to virological drug failure in vivo ARHR
De Leys (1989) Isolation and partial characterization of an unusual human immunodeficiency retrovirus from two persons of West-Central African origin. J Virol
De Meyer (2008) Characterization of virologic failures on darunavir/ritonavir in the randomized, controlled, Phase III TITAN trial in treatment-experienced patients 15th CROI
de Sa Filho (2002) Mutations associated with drug resistance in a population of drug naive HIV-1 infected individuals GenBank submission
de Sa Filho (2003) Analysis of the protease sequences of HIV-1 infected individuals after Indinavir monotherapy. J Clin Virol
de Sa Filho (2005) Analysis of full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome reveals a variable spectrum of subtypes B and f recombinants in Sao Paulo, Brazil ARHR
de Sa Filho (2006) Identification of two HIV type 1 circulating recombinant forms in Brazil ARHR
de Sa Filho (2008) HIV Type 1 pol Gene Diversity and Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations in Santos, Brazil ARHR
Deacon (1995) Genomic structure of an attenuated quasispecies of HIV-1 from a blood transfusion donor and recipients. Science
Deeks (1999) Novel four-drug salvage treatment regimens after failure of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor-containing regimen: antiviral activity and correlation of baseline phenotypic drug susceptibility with virologic outcome. J Infect Dis
Delaugerre (2005) Selection of a rare resistance profile in an HIV-1-infected patient exhibiting a failure to an antiretroviral regimen including tenofovir DF J Clin Virol
Delaunay (2005) Comparative selection of the K65R and M184V/I mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients enrolled in a trial of first-line triple-nucleoside analog therapy (Tonus IMEA 021). J Virol
Delgado (2001) Analysis of HIV type 1 protease and reverse transcriptase sequences from Venezuela for drug resistance-associated mutations and subtype classification: a UNAIDS study ARHR
Delgado (2002) Identification of a newly characterized HIV-1 BG intersubtype circulating recombinant form in Galicia, Spain, which exhibits a pseudotype-like virion structure JAIDS
Delgado (2004) Genotypic(and phenotypic) predictors of a response to DDI monotherapy in ZDV_experienced patients Antiviral Therapy
Demeter (2000) Delavirdine susceptibilities and associated reverse transcriptase mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type I isolates from patients in a phase I/II trial of delavirdine monotherapy (ACTG 260). AAC
Derache (2007) Genetic diversity and drug resistance mutations in HIV type 1 from untreated patients in Bamako, Mali Antiviral Therapy
Derache (2008) Evolution of genetic diversity and drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 among untreated patients from Mali between 2005 and 2006 J Antimicrob Chemo
Descamps (1997) Susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group O isolates to antiretroviral agents: In vitro phenotypic and genotypic analyses. J Virol
Deshpande (2004) Molecular characterization of HIV type 1 isolates from untreated patients of Mumbai (Bombay) India: and detection of rare resistance mutations. ARHR
Dewhurst (1990) Sequence analysis and acute pathogenicity of molecularly cloned SIVSMM-PBj14. Nature
Dietrich (1989) A highly divergent HIV-2-related isolate. Nature
Dilernia (2007) HIV type 1 genetic diversity surveillance among newly diagnosed individuals from 2003 to 2005 in Buenos Aires, Argentina ARHR
Doualla-Bell (2006) High prevalence of the K65R mutation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C isolates from infected patients in Botswana treated with didanosine-based regimens AAC
Doualla-Bell (2006) Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C on drug resistance mutations in patients from Botswana failing a nelfinavir-containing regimen AAC
Dowling (2002) Forty-one near full-length HIV-1 sequences from Kenya reveal an epidemic of subtype A and A-containing recombinants AIDS
Doyon (2005) Selection and characterization of HIV-1 showing reduced susceptibility to the non-peptidic protease inhibitor tipranavir. Antiviral Res
Dueweke (1993) A mutation in reverse transcriptase of bis(heteroaryl)piperazine- resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 that confers increased sensitivity to other nonnucleoside inhibitors. PNAS
Dumans (2002) Prevalence of protease and reverse transcriptase drug resistance mutations over time in drug-naive human immunodeficiency virus type 1-positive individuals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. AAC
Dumans (2004) Synonymous genetic polymorphisms within Brazilian human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 subtypes may influence mutational routes to drug resistance. J Infect Dis
Dunne (2001) Comparison of genotyping and phenotyping methods for determining susceptibility of HIV-1 to antiretroviral drugs AIDS
Duque (2002) Prevalence of drug resistance and HIV-1 subtypes in antiretroviral inexperienced patients, during the year 2000 in Portugal Unpublished
Durant (1999) Drug-resistance genotyping in HIV-1 therapy: the VIRADAPT randomised controlled trial. Lancet
Dykes (2001) Impact of clinical reverse transcriptase sequences on the replication capacity of HIV-1 drug-resistant mutants. Virology
Ellenberger (1999) Genetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus in Abidjan, Ivory Coast reveals predominance of HIV type 1 subtype A and introduction of subtype G. ARHR
Ellrodt (1984) Isolation of human T-lymphotropic retrovirus (LAV) from Zairian married couple, one with AIDS, one with prodromes. Lancet
Emini (1993) HIV and multidrug resistance. Nature
Eshleman (2001) Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) subtype on women receiving single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis to prevent hiv-1 vertical transmission (hiv network for prevention trials 012 study). J Infect Dis
Eshleman (2001) Analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 drug resistance in children receiving nucleoside analogue reverse-transcriptase inhibitors plus nevirapine, nelfinavir, or ritonavir (Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 377). J Infect Dis
Eshleman (2002) Identification of Ugandan HIV type 1 variants with unique patterns of recombination in pol involving subtypes A and D. ARHR
Eshleman (2002) Survival of Ugandan infants with subtype A and D HIV-1 infection (HIVNET 012) JAIDS
Eshleman (2004) Comparison of nevirapine (NVP) resistance in Ugandan women 7 days vs. 6-8 weeks after single-dose nvp prophylaxis: HIVNET 012. ARHR
Eshleman (2004) Characterization of nevirapine resistance mutations in women with subtype A vs. D HIV-1 6-8 weeks after single-dose nevirapine JAIDS
Eshleman (2004) Performance of the Celera Diagnostics ViroSeq HIV-1 Genotyping System for sequence-based analysis of diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains. J Clin Microbiol
Eshleman (2005) Limited evolution in the HIV type 1 pol region among acute seroconverters in Pune, India. ARHR
Eshleman (2005) Nevirapine (NVP) resistance in women with HIV-1 subtype C, compared with subtypes A and D, after the administration of single-dose NVP J Infect Dis
Eshleman (2006) Phenotypic drug resistance patterns in subtype A HIV-1 clones with nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase resistance mutations ARHR
Eshleman (2007) Antiretroviral drug resistance, HIV-1 tropism, and HIV-1 subtype among men who have sex with men with recent HIV-1 infection AIDS
Evans (1988) Characterization of a noncytopathic HIV-2 strain with unusual effects on CD4 expression. Science
Eyer-Silva (2007) Autochthonous horizontal transmission of a CRF02_AG strain revealed by a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 diversity survey in a small city in inner state of Rio de Janeiro, Southeast Brazil Mem Ins Oswaldo Cruz
Eyzaguirre (2007) Genetic Characterization of HIV-1 Strains Circulating in Kazakhstan JAIDS
Falloon (2000) Combination therapy with amprenavir, abacavir, and efavirenz in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients failing a protease-inhibitor regimen: pharmacokinetic drug interactions and antiviral activity. Clin Infect Dis
Fang (2001) Analysis of transition from long-term nonprogressive to progressive infection identifies sequences that may attenuate HIV type 1 ARHR
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