Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database - A curated public database designed to represent, store, and analyze the divergent forms of data underlying HIV drug resistance.

A curated public database designed to represent, store, and analyze the divergent forms of data underlying HIV drug resistance.

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NRTI Resistance Notes

Last updated on Jun 10, 2008
Resistance Matrix Resistance Mutation Comments Resistance Mutation Scores Drug Summaries
Nucleoside RT Inhibitor (NRTI) Resistance Mutations
 
  184 Thymidine Analog Mutations (TAMs) Non Thymidine Analog Regimen Mutations Multi-NRTI Resistance Mutations
  416770†2102152196570†7475†115691516275†77116
ConsMMDKLTKKKLVYTQAVFF
3TCVI      RNEG   InsMV   
FTCVI      RNEG   InsMV   
ABCVILN WFY RNEGVITMFInsMVILY
DDIVILN WFY RNEGVITM InsMVILY
TDF LN WFY RNEG MFInsMV   
D4T LNRWFYQERN  TM InsMVILY
ZDV LNRWFYQE     InsMVILY
LEGEND Mutations in bold red are associated with higher levels of phenotypic resistance or clinical evidence for reduced virological response.
ADDITIONAL MUTATIONS Additional treatment-selected mutations at these positions include D67GE, T69DSAING, K70N, V75AS, and K219NR.
ACCESSORY MUTATIONS Additional accessory mutations include: K43EQN, E44DA, V118I, H208Y, D218E, H221Y, L228HR, and N348I (K Hertogs AAC 2000, MJ Gonzales AIDS 2003, V Svicher JV 2006, SH Yap PLOS Med 2007). The accessory mutations occur with TAMs and are associated with subtle reductions is susceptibility to multiple NRTIs.
HYPERSUSCEPTIBILITY Several mutations are associated with increased susceptibility: M184VI increase susceptibility to ZDV, TDF, and d4T (J Whitcomb JID 2003, K Diallo AC 2003). L74V increases susceptibility to ZDV and TDF (MH St Clair Science 1991, ER Lanier HIV Med 2004, LR Miranada AAC 2005, SY Rhee PNAS 2006); K65R and K70E increase susceptibility to ZDV (C Delaugerre JCV 2005, UM Parikh JV 2006, KL White AVT 2006, RM Kagan AVR 2007, A Antinori AVT 2007).
† K70R occurs in viruses from persons receiving thymidine analogs; K70EG occur with non-thymidine analog containing regimens (C Delaugerre JCV 2005, N Sluis Cremer AAC 2006, D Bradshaw AAC 2007). V75I occurs in combination with Q151M; V75TM occur in a variety of different treatment and mutational contexts.

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